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¹Dr. Öğr. Üyesi, TOBB ETÜ Tıp Fakültesi, Göz Hastalıkları ABD, Ankara, Türkiye
²Prof. Dr., TOBB ETÜ Tıp Fakültesi, Göz Hastalıkları ABD, Ankara, Türkiye At the most basic level, refractive surgery is any eye surgery performed to improve the refractive error of the eye or to eliminate the patient\'s dependence on glasses or contact lenses and is one of the most common \"cosmetic\" procedures applied worldwide. For many clinicians, refractive surgery usually refers to laser in-situ keratomileusis (LASIK), the most common refractive procedure. However, refractive surgery also includes surface ablation, refractive lens exchange (RLE) and phakic intraocular lens implantation. Laser refractive surgical procedures (such as LASIK, photorefractive keratectomy) are defi ned as highly safe surgeries that provide excellent visual results for patients with low to moderate refractive errors. With the recently developed small incision lenticle extraction (SMILE), the refractive stromal lenticle formed by femtosecond laser can be removed from a small corneal incision to obtain the desired refractive correction. In laser refractive surgical procedures, it has been shown that it is possible to obtain more perfect results with customized treatments such as topography, wavefront guided ablations. Surgical procedures such as phakic intraocular lens implants and refractive lens exchange are also provided by today\'s technology to treat the wider range of refraction defects. While refractive surgery continues to evolve, the long-term results of innovations need to be proven. Keywords : Refractive surgery, Phakic IOL implantation, LASIK, SMILE, Refractive lens exchange