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İstanbul Cerrahi Hastanesi, Göz Hastalıkları Bölümü, İstanbul, Doç. Dr. Despite recently developed new glaucoma surgical procedures “penetrating surgery” has still remained as the gold standard. The inadequacy of reduction in intraocular pressure achieved by those non-penetrating glaucoma surgical procedures is the most important reason for that. On the other hand, only one of the penetrating procedures-trabeculectomy was able to reach today's glaucoma practice while the others (especially those involving full-thickness excision of the sclera) have been abandoned because of the high incidence of complications. Although it is much safer than those penetrating surgical procedures based on full-thickness scleral excision, the sudden decompression of intraocular pressure in the early postoperative period following classical trabeculectomy usually led to unwanted reduction in visual acuity. Another disadvantage of classical trabeculectomy technique involved the predisposition of the thin conjunctival blebs developing in especially eyes after intraoperative use of mitomycin to a feared complication with poor prognosis named delayed onset endopthalmitis. By using the recently developed technical modifications, it has been tried to reduce the incidence of those two important problems of trabeculectomy (early hypotony and late endophthalmitis) and thus improve the safety of the procedure. In this review, current literature on the subject will be summarized and my personal surgical technique using in my daily routine will be explained in detail. Keywords : Penetrating glaucoma surgery, trabeculectomy, hypotony, late endophthalmitis